Out of the funds, Uganda, which is the largest refugee-hosting country in Africa, will get €24m to provide health and food assistance, water and sanitation, as well as protection and education.

The €10m in emergency assistance to Kenya will support refugees living in Daadab and Kakuma camps, including giving access to primary education.

This is on top of €1.5m of EU funds given to Kenya in May to help with the damage done by recent floods.

Christos Stylianides, commissioner for humanitarian aid and crisis management at the European Commission, said: “Kenya and Uganda are among Africa's major hosts of refugees, with millions urgently needing assistance.

“The EU stands in solidarity and is committed to support the most vulnerable refugees. Our new funding will help both those already displaced and the new arrivals into Kenya and Uganda.”

Refugees in Uganda are free to move and work and are entitled to land to build a home on and grow food.

However, Uganda's progressive refugee policy is under increasing pressure due to the scale of the crisis, and services are “overstretched while available land is dwindling”, the commission said.

In 2017, the commission allocated €65m in humanitarian aid to meet the refugees' basic needs, in addition to €20m from the EU Emergency Trust Fund to help refugees gain more self-reliance.

Kenya is currently hosting 450,000 refugees, while dealing with recurrent climate shocks causing a food and nutrition crisis. The EU has allocated over €130m in humanitarian assistance in Kenya since 2012.